Direct synthesis of mesoporous 12-tungstophosphoric acid SBA-15 catalyst for selective esterification of glycerol and lauric acid to monolaurate
| Autor: | Pengyong Hoo, Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
General Chemical Engineering
Inorganic chemistry General Chemistry Lauric acid Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Catalysis Monolaurin chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry Yield (chemistry) Environmental Chemistry Thermal stability Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Mesoporous material Selectivity Nuclear chemistry |
| Zdroj: | Chemical Engineering Journal. 250:274-287 |
| ISSN: | 1385-8947 |
| Popis: | Via direct synthesis method, highly uniformed SBA-15 catalysts functionalized with 12-tungstophosphorus acid (HPW) were synthesized. Their characteristics were investigated using BET surface analysis, NH 3 -TPD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, EDS and TGA. Surface defects were found in catalysts with high HPW loading (30–40 wt.%). High loadings also caused the deposition of HPW on the external surface and subject to oxidative decomposition to WO 3 that affected their acidity. HPW in mesopores had better thermal stability. High lauric acid conversion (70%) and monolaurin yield (50%) were shown in 6 h at 160 °C by the catalyst with 20 wt.% HPW. Lower yield was achieved at higher temperature. Its ordered mesoporosity evidently resulted in shape selectivity effect to suppress by-products formation. Effects of reaction temperature (150–170 °C), reactant ratios (1:1–5:1) and catalysts loadings (1–5 wt.%) were thoroughly elucidated. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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