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Publisher Summary This chapter reviews current knowledge of the distribution of GALRs with a particular focus on the rat CNS. Galanin is a 29 amino acid peptide that is widely distributed in central and peripheral tissues. Galanin is proposed to be involved in a broad spectrum of biological effects including neuroendocrine control, food intake, sensory transmission, memory and learning, central cardiovascular regulation and has been implicated in a variety of different diseases. Due to its wide range of actions and its potential for various therapeutic interventions, galanin research has attracted much interest since its discovery in the early 1980s. To date, three novel and distinct galanin receptor (GALR) subtypes have been cloned, each encoded by separate genes and located on different human chromosomes. Knowledge of their sequence has enabled the generation of receptor-specific probes for mRNA localization studies. The tissue distribution patterns of GALR1 and GALR2 are well characterized; however, localization of GALR3 is somewhat more controversial. |
