Virulence of the insect-pathogenic fungiMetarhiziumspp. to Mormon crickets,Anabrus simplex(Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)
| Autor: | Helen G. Bignayan, Donald W. Roberts, Drauzio E.N. Rangel, Hernani G. Golez, Chad A. Keyser, Edward W. Evans |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Bulletin of Entomological Research. 112:179-186 |
| ISSN: | 1475-2670 0007-4853 |
| DOI: | 10.1017/s0007485321000663 |
| Popis: | The Mormon cricket (MC),Anabrus simplexHaldeman, 1852 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), has a long and negative history with agriculture in Utah and other western states of the USA. MostA. simplexpopulations migrate in large groups, and their feeding can cause significant damage to forage plants and cultivated crops. Chemical pesticides are often applied, but some settings (e.g. habitats of threatened and endangered species) call for non-chemical control measures. Studies in Africa, South America, and Australia have assessed certain isolates ofMetarhizium acridumas very promising pathogens for Orthoptera: Acrididae (locust) biocontrol. In the current study, two isolates ofMetarhizium robertsii, one isolate ofMetarhizium brunneum, one isolate ofMetarhizium guizhouense, and three isolates ofM. acridumwere tested for infectivity to MC nymphs and adults of either sex. Based on the speed of mortality,M. robertsii(ARSEF 23 and ARSEF 2575) andM. brunneum(ARSEF 7711) were the most virulent to instars 2 to 5 MC nymphs.M. guizhouense(ARSEF 7847) from Arizona was intermediate and theM. acridumisolates (ARSEF 324, 3341, and 3609) were the slowest killers. ARSEF 2575 was also the most virulent to instar 6 and 7 nymphs and adults of MC. All of the isolates at the conidial concentration of 1 × 107conidia ml−1induced approximately 100% mortality by 6 days post application of fungal conidia. In conclusion, isolates ARSEF 23, ARSEF 2575, and ARSEF 7711 acted most rapidly to kill MC under laboratory conditions. TheM. acridumisolates, however, have much higher tolerance to heat and UV-B radiation, which may be critical to their successful use in field application. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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