| Popis: |
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontium induced by oral bacteria and is the most common disease of tooth loss worldwide. Oral bacteria accumulate on the hard tissue surface in the oral cavity and form a bacterial biofilm, which causes dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, peri-implant infections, and stomatitis. Bacterial biofilms can eventually mineralize and develop into tartar (calculus) through the adsorption of calcium phosphate from saliva or crevicular fluid. Although inflammation in the adjacent periodontal tissues may not be induced by the calculus surface in itself, dental calculus serves as an ideal substrate for microbial colonization. Therefore, cause-related anti-infective therapy aims to eliminate the bacterial biofilm and calcified deposits from the diseased teeth surfaces. In this chapter, we discuss bacterial biofilm and dental calculus formation and the methods available for their removal and prevention. |
