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The article considers the approach to solving such problems of technical diagnostics and industrial safety expertise, such as carrying out a “stress test”, namely loading to the yield point with subsequent leak testing, and estimating the residual life of the technical device. The approach is based on research of localized plastic deformation behavior in mechanical tensile testing of low-carbon specimens in the initial state and after 25 years of use in thermal power equipment. It was established that during the test, long before the global loss of stability, stable localized deformation zones are formed in the material subsequently becoming points of failure. In material after use, occurrence of such zones is seen earlier than in the initial steel. A parameter defining the amount of homogeneous material without localized deformations is proposed that can be used to predict the state of long operated thermal power equipment. |
