The barriers to producing multiparticle superposition states in rotating Bose–Einstein condensates
Autor: | David W. Hallwood, Keith Burnett, Jacob Dunningham |
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Rok vydání: | 2007 |
Předmět: |
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases
Physics Quantum decoherence Hubbard model Condensed Matter::Other Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics law.invention Superfluidity Superposition principle symbols.namesake Quantum state law Quantum mechanics symbols Bose–Einstein condensation Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics) Bose–Einstein condensate |
Zdroj: | Journal of Modern Optics. 54:2129-2148 |
ISSN: | 1362-3044 0950-0340 |
Popis: | We study why it is quite so hard to make a superposition of superfluid flows in a Bose–Einstein condensate. To do this we initially investigate the quantum states of N atoms trapped in a 1D ring with a barrier at one position and a phase applied around it. We show how macroscopic superpositions can in principle be produced and investigate factors which affect the superposition. We then use the Bose–Hubbard model to study an array of Bose–Einstein condensates trapped in optical potentials and coupled to one another to form a ring. We derive analytic expressions for the quality of the superposition for this system, which agrees well with direct diagonalization of the Hamiltonian for relatively small numbers of atoms. We show that for macroscopic superpositions to be realized there are essentially three straightforward requirements, other than an absence of decoherence, which become harder to achieve as the system size increases. Firstly, the energies of the two distinct superfluid states must be sufficientl... |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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