Improving energy efficiency of electrochemical blackwater disinfection through sequential reduction of suspended solids and chemical oxygen demand
| Autor: | Brian R. Stoner, Tate Rogers, Brian T. Hawkins, Ewan J. McAdam, Mikayla H. Stoner, C. J. Davey |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Blackwater
Suspended solids Chemistry Health Policy Chemical oxygen demand Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Ultrafiltration Medicine (miscellaneous) Electrochemistry Pulp and paper industry Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous) Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous) medicine Total suspended solids Activated carbon medicine.drug Efficient energy use |
| Zdroj: | Gates Open Research. 2:50 |
| ISSN: | 2572-4754 |
| Popis: | Onsite reuse of blackwater requires removal of considerable amounts of suspended solids and organic material in addition to inactivation of pathogens. Previously, we showed that electrochemical treatment could be used for effective pathogen inactivation in blackwater, but was inadequate to remove solids and organics to emerging industry standards. Further, we found that as solids and organics accumulate with repeated recycling, electrochemical treatment becomes less energetically sustainable. Here, we describe a pilot study in which concentrated blackwater is pretreated with ultrafiltration and granular activated carbon prior to electrochemical disinfection, and show that this combination of treatments removes 75-99% of chemical oxygen demand, 92-100% of total suspended solids, and improves the energy efficiency of electrochemical blackwater treatment by an order of magnitude. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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