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The wild banana plant Ensete superbum Roxb. Cheesman is widely used as traditional remedy among indigenous populations to relieve inflammation, stomachache and diarrhea. Earlier studies have revealed the in-vitro anti-cancer effects of peel dioxane fraction (PD) extracted from ripe peel aqueous extract (PA) of E. superbum on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines. However, its gastro protective effect in complications of the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as Ulcerative colitis (UC) has not been investigated. In the present work, the oral toxicity of PD was assessed, and its ameliorative effect in an animal model of ulcerative colitis was explored. In the acute and sub-acute toxicity trials, PD fraction's oral administration did not cause fatalities, and no notable changes relative to control were observed. The No-Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) of the PD fraction was assessed to be higher than 2000 mg/kg/day in rats. The ameliorative effect of varying concentration of PD fraction (100, 250 and 500 mg/k.g/b.w) in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) induced (intra-rectal administration) ulcerative colitis in rats was evaluated by comparing with the standard drug Sulfasalazine (100 mg/kg/b.w). Colon tissue ulceration with significant mucosal damage was observed in colitis rats, which waned in rats treated with PD fraction (500 mg/kg/b.w.), similar to that of rats treated with the sulfasalazine drug. The antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory capabilities of PD fraction may explain its protective impact; however, more study is needed to unravel the mechanisms of these pathways. |
