A model to assess the effect of vaccine compliance on Human Papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer
| Autor: | Tufail Malik, Oluwaseun Sharomi |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Oncology Cervical cancer medicine.medical_specialty business.industry Applied Mathematics HPV infection Cancer medicine.disease Vaccination 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology 0302 clinical medicine Age groups Modeling and Simulation Internal medicine Cohort medicine 030212 general & internal medicine Human papillomavirus business Female population |
| Zdroj: | Applied Mathematical Modelling. 47:528-550 |
| ISSN: | 0307-904X |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.apm.2017.03.025 |
| Popis: | Three doses of a Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine are recommended for both males and females, and compliance is a major challenge. In this paper a deterministic model for HPV infection and cervical cancer is constructed and rigorously analyzed for the effects of vaccine compliance. The model is based on ordinary differential equations and incorporates cohort vaccination of males and females before entering the sexually-active class as well as a fraction that starts taking the vaccine after entering the sexually-active class. The female population is further stratified into two age groups. The first group is at a higher risk for new HPV infection, is not likely to develop cervical cancer, and is subject to three doses of an HPV vaccine. The second age group has reduced chances of acquiring new infections but is at a higher risk for developing cervical cancer resulting from a persistent HPV infection. No fresh HPV vaccine is administered in this age group. The model has a locally asymptotically-stable disease-free equilibrium but may also admit endemic equilibria when the epidemic threshold, namely the effective reproduction number, R v , is below unity. Using the center manifold theory it is shown that the model exhibits a backward bifurcation at R v = 1 , which is caused due to the imperfect HPV vaccine. For the case of a perfect vaccine, the disease-free equilibrium is proved to be globally asymptotically-stable, under certain additional conditions, when R v ≤ 1 . Multiple endemic equilibria may exist when R v > 1 . It is shown through numerical simulations that vaccine compliance (with all three doses) is necessary for the reduction of HPV infections and cervical cancer. Lack of compliance may lead to a higher number of infections and cancer cases in the long run. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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