| Popis: |
The principal aim of impact biomechanics is the prevention of injury through environmental modification, such as the provision of an airbag for automotive occupants to protect them during a frontal crash. To achieve this aim effectively, it is necessary that workers in the field have a clear understanding of the mechanisms of injury, be able to describe the mechanical response of the tissues involved, have a basic understanding of human tolerance to impact, and be in possession of tools which can be used as human surrogates to assess a particular injury. The tools can be in the form of anthopometric test dummies or mathmatical models for simulation of impact events and evaluation of injury risks. This article addresses the biomechanics of head and neck, thorocolumbar spine, and chest and abdomen. It provides basic information on injury mechanisms, biomechanical responses, human tolerances and surrogates to evaluate safety systems for injury prevention. |
