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This chapter presents an introduction to gnotobiology. The term “gnotobiology” is derived from Greek roots to indicate known biota. This includes studies of, or knowledge of, germfree and inoculated germfree animals. The term “gnotobiotic” includes germfree and the conditions in which specific known microorganisms are present in the host animal. Because a word for the host was needed under this special condition, the term “gnotophore” was applied to the gnotobiotic host having one or more species of microorganisms intimately associated with it. Different categories of gnotophores are obtained depending upon the number of microbial species present. The simplest is a dibiotic system in which one species of microorganism is inoculated into one species of macroorganism. Two inoculated microbial species form a tribiotic system. |
