New Hippocampal Neurons Mature Rapidly in Response to Ketamine But Are Not Required for Its Acute Antidepressant Effects on Neophagia in Rats
| Autor: | Timothy J. Schoenfeld, Heather A. Cameron, Amelie Soumier, Rayna M. Carter |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0303 health sciences
medicine.medical_specialty Cell growth General Neuroscience Dentate gyrus Neurogenesis General Medicine Biology Hippocampal formation Proliferating cell nuclear antigen 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Endocrinology chemistry Corticosterone Internal medicine medicine biology.protein Antidepressant Ketamine Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery 030304 developmental biology medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | eneuro. 3:ENEURO.0116-15.2016 |
| ISSN: | 2373-2822 |
| DOI: | 10.1523/eneuro.0116-15.2016 |
| Popis: | Virtually all antidepressant agents increase the birth of granule neurons in the adult dentate gyrus in rodents, providing a key basis for the neurogenesis hypothesis of antidepressant action. The novel antidepressant ketamine, however, shows antidepressant activity in humans within hours, far too rapid for a mechanism involving neuronal birth. Ketamine could potentially act more rapidly by enhancing maturation of new neurons born weeks earlier. To test this possibility, we assessed the effects of S-ketamine (S-(+)-ketamine hydrochloride) injection on maturation, as well as birth and survival, of new dentate gyrus granule neurons in rats, using the immediate-early gene zif268, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and BrdU, respectively. We show that S-ketamine has rapid effects on new neurons, increasing the proportion of functionally mature young granule neurons within 2 h. A single injection of S-ketamine also increased cell proliferation and functional maturation, and decreased depressive-like behavior, for at least 4 weeks in rats treated with long-term corticosterone administration (a depression model) and controls. However, the behavioral effects of S-ketamine on neophagia were unaffected by elimination of adult neurogenesis. Together, these results indicate that ketamine has surprisingly rapid and long-lasting effects on the recruitment of young neurons into hippocampal networks, but that ketamine has antidepressant-like effects that are independent of adult neurogenesis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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