Evidence for a Single Locus Controlling Flesh Color, Senescent Leaf Color, and Hypanthium Color in Peach
| Autor: | Frederick A. Bliss, David Garner, Carlos H. Crisosto, Cameron Peace, Joshua D. Williamson |
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| Rok vydání: | 2006 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 131:256-260 |
| ISSN: | 2327-9788 0003-1062 |
| DOI: | 10.21273/jashs.131.2.256 |
| Popis: | The Y locus of peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) controls whether a tree will produce fruit with white or yellow fl esh. Flesh color has implications for consumer acceptance and nutritional quality, and improved cultivars of both fl esh types are actively sought. This paper focuses on evidence that the fl esh color locus also controls senescent leaf color (easily observed in the fall) and hypanthium color. In two progeny populations totaling 115 progeny plus their parents, the three traits co-segregated completely. Trees carrying the dominant allele for white fl esh had yellow senescent leaves and yellow hypanthia, while homozygous recessive yellow-fl eshed types exhibited orange senescent leaves and orange hypanthia. Senescent leaf color was also measured quantitatively, with major colorimetric differences observed between white-fl eshed and yellow-fl eshed progeny. Senescent leaf hue angle and refl ected light wavelengths of 500 to 560 nm were the parameters most affected by the fl esh color locus. Results were verifi ed with 10 white-fl eshed and 10 yellow-fl eshed cultivars. The fi ndings show that the Y locus in peach controls the type and concentration of carotenoids in multiple organs, including fruit, leaves, and fl owers. The ability to discriminate between white and yellow fl esh color using a simple visual method, applicable in plants not yet at reproductive maturity, is valuable to breeders wanting to save time, growing space, and money. Both yellow- and white-fl esh peaches have been grown for thousands of years, with origins rooted in China (Schery, 1972). Currently, improved yellow-fl eshed cultivars dominate the U.S. market, however, nearly 30% of the peaches and nectarines grown in California are white-fl eshed types (USDA, 2005). The color of peach and nectarine (Prunus persica) fruit fl esh has impor- tant implications for nutritional quality, particularly in terms of carotenoid levels (Gil et al., 2002). Flesh color is controlled by a single locus (Y), with white fl esh dominant over yellow fl esh (Bailey and French, 1949; Connors, 1919). Cultivars with orange fl esh also occur extensively in canning cling peach germplasm. Red fl esh, such as in 'Indian Cling', is probably controlled by a separate locus (Okie, 1998). Quantitative differences in color between cultivars of yellow fruit, as well as the existence of other fl esh colors, may refl ect a more complex control of the trait by the Y locus and/or the action of other loci. During senescence of leaves in the fall, after chlorophyll has degraded, the underlying color due to other pigments can be ob- served in leaves (Bliss et al., 2002). Senescent leaf color, which can be yellow or orange, segregates as a simple monogenic trait |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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