| Popis: |
Songbird vocal learning depends on the anterior forebrain pathway, the organization of which reflects a conserved vertebrate cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop architecture. We review the involvement of FoxP2 in this circuit, as well as FoxP1 and Cntnap2, both posited to participate alongside FoxP2. In the avian striatum, FoxP2 expression is regulated by singing, highlighting the possibility that developmental verbal dyspraxia arising from human FOXP2 mutation might primarily reflect a deficit in ongoing neural signaling, rather than developmental miswiring. We explore genes co-regulated with FoxP2 during singing and propose that Wnt trafficking and p63 signaling pathways may be crucial to speech and language. |
