Beyond the gut bacterial microbiota: The gut virome
| Autor: | Valentina Zuccaro, M. Mariani, P. Columpsi, Paolo Sacchi, Andrea Gori, Cristina Sarda, Serena Cima, Raffaele Bruno |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
education.field_of_study Gastrointestinal tract Host (biology) 030106 microbiology Population Gastrointestinal Microbiome Biology biology.organism_classification Virology Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases Immune system Human virome education Receptor Bacteria |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Medical Virology. 88:1467-1472 |
| ISSN: | 0146-6615 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/jmv.24508 |
| Popis: | The gastrointestinal tract is colonized with a highly different population of bacterial, viral, ad fungal species; viruses are reported to be dominant. The composition of gut virome is closely related to dietary habits and surrounding environment. Host and their intestinal microbes live in a dynamic equilibrium and viruses stimulate a low degree of immune responses without causing symptoms (host tolerance). However, intestinal phages could lead to a rupture of eubiosis and may contribute to the shift from health to disease in humans and animals. Viral nucleic acids and other products of lysis of bacteria serve as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and could trigger specific inflammatory modulations. At the same time, phages could elicit innate antiviral immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) operated as innate antiviral immune sensors and their activation triggers signaling cascades that lead to inflammatory response. J. Med. Virol. 88:1467-1472, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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