| Popis: |
For creating new cultivars of red clover it is necessary to use traditional and modern methods: polyploidy, mutagenesis, heterosis and ecological breeding. These methods have been used in breeding for a long time, but it was necessary to modify them to the cultivation of red clover considering its biological fea-tures (perennity, length of vegetation period, winter hardiness) in conditions of harsh continental climate in Siberia. The complex-hybrid population, late maturing, diploid based – the cultivar SibNIIK 10 has been created based on best polycross offspring by polycross method in West Siberia. The winter hardy, early maturing, tetraploid based cultivar Meteor has been created as the result of combination of mutage-nesis, polyploidy, hybridization and selection methods together with FWRC FPA for the first time ever in Siberia. The research cites a comparative study of two cultivars of red clover (SibNIIK 10 and Meteor) of different types of maturity and ploidy by main economically valuable traits. Early maturing tetraploid based cultivar Meteor in herbage and dry matter yield exceeds late maturing cultivar SibNIIK 10 by 9–39 and 7–41% and in seed yield SibNIIK 10 exceeds Meteor by 30%. |
