Ultrahigh-energy-density fluorinated calcinated macadamia nut shell cathodes for lithium/fluorinated carbon batteries
| Autor: | Wei Feng, Yao Fengnan, Yiyu Feng, Cong Peng, Zhou Rixin, Yu Li, Fu Haoyu |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
food.ingredient chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology General Chemistry Crystal structure Raw material 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Electrochemistry 01 natural sciences Macadamia nut Cathode 0104 chemical sciences law.invention food chemistry Chemical engineering law General Materials Science Calcination Lithium 0210 nano-technology Carbon |
| Zdroj: | Carbon. 153:783-791 |
| ISSN: | 0008-6223 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.carbon.2019.07.065 |
| Popis: | Lithium/fluorinated carbon (Li/CFx) batteries are widely applied in various industries because of the high energy densities of CFx compounds. However, incompatibility between high degrees of fluorination and the electrochemical activity of C–F bonds limits further improvements of the energy densities of CFx cathodes. Here, calcined macadamia nut shell is fluorinated with F2 gas below 300 °C. The products deliver specific capacities exceeding 900 mAh g−1, associated with discharge potentials exceeding 3.0 V (vs. Li/Li+). The product fluorinated at 280 °C achieves an unprecedented maximum energy density of 2585 W h kg−1, surpassing the present maximum theoretical energy density of commercial (CF)n (2185 W h kg−1). Its electrochemical properties presumably originate from the complete destruction of the periodic crystalline lattice in the basal plane, which substantially alters the electron distribution within the C–F bonds. This study presents a new approach for designing exceptionally high-energy-density CFx compounds for lithium primary batteries using an accessible and inexpensive raw material. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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