| Popis: |
The synthesis of 5,5-diphenylhydantoin was reported by Biltz in 1908. In 1937 Putnam and Merrutt reported that it elevated the threshold to electrically induced seizures in cats. In 1938 Merritt and Putnam reported that it provided effective treatment for chronic seizures, without sedation, in patients with convulsive disorders. Since then phenytoin has been one of the mainstays of seizure therapy. In 1968 Wallis et al. reported success in the treatment of status epilepticus with high doses of phenytoin given intravenously. A water-soluble prodrug was developed in the 1980s to simplify the parenteral administration of phenytoin (see Sect. B on fosphenytoin, below). |
