| Popis: |
It is well established that childhood adversity is strongly associated with the onset of psychopathology in childhood and adolescence (Kessler, Davis, & Kendler, 1997; Cohen, Brown, & Smaile, 2001; Green et al., 2010; McLaughlin et al., 2010), and it is critical to uncover the underlying mechanisms through which specific types of adversity increase this risk. Cognitive neuroscience provides a promising avenue towards identifying developmental pathways linking childhood adversity to psychopathology, as several studies have shown the impact of childhood adversity on neural development (Hackman and Farah, 2009; Hart and Rubia, 2012). While previous research has focused on examining the impact of adverse childhood experiences broadly, recent work has proposed a novel framework differentiating between deprivation (i.e. the absence of expected environmental inputs and complexity) and threat (i.e. the presence of experiences that represent a threat to one’s physical or psychological integrity and well-being), as they are hypothesized to have distinct effects on neural development (McLaughlin, Sheridan & Lambert, 2014). These distinct effects may be observable as dissociable differences in functional neural connectivity that correspond to differences in the extent to which an individual has experienced these dimensions of adversity. The current study aims to use resting-state functional MRI data (rs-fMRI) and behavioral measures of threat and deprivation to explore the relationship between neural development and core underlying dimensions of childhood adversity. |
