Optimizing bismuth control during copper production

Autor: Norbert L. Piret
Rok vydání: 1994
Předmět:
Zdroj: JOM. 46:15-18
ISSN: 1543-1851
1047-4838
DOI: 10.1007/bf03222600
Popis: Base metal quality requirements necessitate the application of effective processes for adequate impurity elimination and tight control of operations to cope with impurity level fluctuations. In copper, lead, and tin, specified levels of bismuth are 1 ppm, 50–100 ppm, and 100–500 ppm, respectively. In copper’production, existing bismuth removal processes are being improved and new ones are being developed and introduced commercially.
Databáze: OpenAIRE