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The health needs of children have evolved over the past century. This chapter reviews biomedical innovations leading to changes in children's health and health care delivery across various medical settings. Special emphasis is placed on the changing epidemiology of children's disease and increasing emphasis on child development, behavior, and mental health. The most significant change in children's health is a decrease in death and an increase in chronic disease. Child health care has evolved in different locations for the care of children each of which are reviewed in this chapter: primary care, emergency care, inpatient medicine, and the neonatal intensive care unit. Finally, implications and changes for the future of the health care of children are presented. Throughout the chapter, examples of disease are presented to provide a clinical context for these changing forces and dynamics. Keywords: children; child health care; chronic illness; disease; illness; life course health development; new morbidity; pediatrics; prevention; primary care |
