How Much Do Adjuvant and Nozzles Models Reduce the Spraying Drift? Drift in Agricultural Spraying
| Autor: | Eduardo de Souza dos Santos, Marcelo da Costa Ferreira, Fabiano Griesang, Ricardo Augusto Decaro, Nelson Henrique de Lima Roque, Cícero Antônio Mariano dos Santos |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Spray characteristics medicine.medical_treatment Nozzle Environmental engineering 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Medicine 01 natural sciences Spray nozzle parasitic diseases Herbicide glyphosate Spray drift 040103 agronomy & agriculture medicine 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Environmental science Adjuvant Droplet size 010606 plant biology & botany Wind tunnel |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Plant Sciences. :2785-2794 |
| ISSN: | 2158-2750 2158-2742 |
| DOI: | 10.4236/ajps.2017.811188 |
| Popis: | The spraying of herbicides in crops has become the main form of weed control. Although it means unexpected effects on non-target plants resulted by spraying drift. Thus, improvements in application techniques, as the best selection of spray nozzles and adjuvant, are essential to avoid environmental contamination and economic losses. On this work, we evaluate how much adjuvant associated with nozzles can reduce the spray drift. The nozzles used at experiment were air induction flat tip, hollow cone and twinjet and the spray liquids, which were composed of herbicide glyphosate and phosphatidylcholine + propionic acid adjuvant. Measurements were made at wind tunnel and droplet sizer, at laser diffraction method. The models of nozzles influence in droplet size characteristics and in occurrence of spray drift. The use of adjuvants reduces the spray drift only combined with the twinjet nozzle, while for the other models the adjuvant did not reduce the global spray drift at significant levels. The adjuvant reduced the spray drift until 39%, while the nozzles model reduced until 74%. Both techniques when combined were able to reduce until 80%. The model of nozzle has the biggest result on drift mitigation and the use of adjuvants can increase the drift mitigation specially with nozzles that produces smallest droplets. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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