| Popis: |
Review question / Objective: Participant Type: Only for any ESRD patient diagnosed with CKD and established AVF and requiring regular HD treatment with AVF. Intervention type: Studies using FIR therapy versus non- FIR therapy. Outcome Measure Types: Fistula maturation, patency, access blood flow, AVF I.D.; fistula occlusion. P: Patients under hemodialysis. Condition being studied: Far infrared is an invisible electromagnetic wave. Far infrared therapy (FIR) uses low-power electromagnetic waves emitted by FIR with wavelengths of 3-100 µm to improve human physiological functions. Previous studies have shown that FIR can effectively suppress inflammation, and in recent years it has also been widely used in the clinical treatment of various diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases. The use of FIR allows the improvement of AVF blood flow and patency not only through local vasodilation induced by thermal effects, but more importantly, through non-thermal effects that improve endothelial function. |
