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Recently, water contamination has become a significant issue for the earth and human well-being because of the complex effluents released into the water bodies. Modern industrialization and developments in various areas such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and dyes generate large amounts of waste, which are nonbiodegradable, and carcinogenic compounds that are being released into the environment. Researchers and scientists all over the world have studied different advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as hydrodynamic/acoustic cavitation, Fenton, photocatalysis, and their hybrid techniques as the primary treatment or pretreatment technique to breakdown or degrade the complex pollutant molecules. Application of nanotechnology or nanomaterials into these processes, specifically in the area of wastewater treatment, has been increasing day by day because they are more efficient, cheaper, and can be regenerated. This chapter briefly discusses recent advances and application of nanophotocatalysts in AOPs for wastewater treatment. It also includes the study on their detailed reaction mechanism to describe their effect on the pollutant molecule. The advantages of hybrid combinations of various AOPs such as heterogeneous Fenton process, heterogeneous photo-Fenton process, sono-photocatalysis process, sono-Fenton Process, photocatalytic oxidation coupled with hydrodynamic cavitation, sono-photo-Fenton process, and their mechanisms are also discussed in this chapter. Studies related to photocatalytic nanomaterials, their synthesis, and applications have been reviewed to understand their applicability on the degradation of various complex organic pollutants present in wastewater. |
