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BACKGROUND Hajj pilgrims are often affected by the risks of rapid spread of communicable diseases. Such risks have emerged intensively more than ever before the recent COVID-19 pandemic. With regard to that, previous study has recommended for Hajj surveillance data management systems for efficient control of health risks. As preventive measure, however, no previous studies have followed design science method to develop any framework for ultimately developing any interactive technological intervention for pandemic risk management, especially in the context of Hajj. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to use a design science method for developing framework that would guide the researchers and policy makers in using IoT and mobile apps in combination for pandemic risk management during Hajj. METHODS This study followed the design science method consisting of three cycles (namely, Relevance Cycle, Design Cycle, and Rigor Cycle). The design science-based framework allows to develop a technological solution (e.g., mobile app) for a problem through a series of actions using expertise and iteration. It takes into account the factors of people, system configurations, technologies, and work environment that interplay together. RESULTS Upon following the design science method, a conceptual framework has been developed for pandemic risk management during Hajj. The framework would guide the researchers in developing features like, 1) path guidance system, 2) advising system, 3) alert system, 4) assistance delivery system, and 5) bigdata and situation analysis system for pandemic risk management at the event of Hajj. CONCLUSIONS The design science-based framework will also help the Saudi Arabian government to modernize the country’s current capacity to ensure effective management of pandemic risks services through developing additional modern surveillance techniques and strategies. Furthermore, the development of IoT and mobile app based interactive system using this framework will also contribute in big data based predictive analysis because of integration of IoT system which will generate large amount to useful data. |
