Improved Proportional Counters for Practical Applications
| Autor: | H. Sipila, M.-L. Jarvinen |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1984 |
| Předmět: |
Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Materials science Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors Detector Helium ionization detector X-ray detector Particle detector Nuclear Energy and Engineering Townsend discharge Ionization Electrical and Electronic Engineering Atomic physics Ionization energy Discharge ionization detector |
| Zdroj: | IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science. 31:356-359 |
| ISSN: | 0018-9499 |
| Popis: | Gas filled proportional counters are useful room-temperature X-ray detectors in various gauges and spectrometers. New gas mixtures have made it possible to improve the properties of these detectors. Penning mixtures offer some special advantages. These mixtures are formed when parent gas is diluted with a small amount of impurity whose ionization energy is lower than the lowest excited state of the parent atoms. The excitations of these atoms can subsequently be turned into ionizations. The result of this additional ionization is that the average ionization energy of the mixture falls below that of the pure gases. This also improves the energy resolution of the detector. Another feature of Penning mixtures is the fact that the first Townsend ionization coefficient is high. This in turn is reflected by an unusually low anode voltage required by the detector. This makes it possible to use high filling pressures and to realize the advantages such pressures offer: the achievement of good energy resolution with a commercial low noise preamplifier; a decrease in the background caused by the wall effect because of the subsequently shorter photoelectron traces; and an increase in the efficiency of the detector. The type of detector used in this paper ismore » a sealed side window counter. Some of its properties, when filled with the mixtures Ar-C/sub 4/H/sub 10/, Ar-Xe, and Ne-Ar, are presented.« less |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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