Thirty-five years of CD4 T-cell counting in HIV infection: From flow cytometry in the lab to point-of-care testing in the field
Autor: | F Mandy, Luc Kestens |
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Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty Histology medicine.diagnostic_test Cd4 t cell business.industry Point-of-care testing Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Developing country Cell Biology medicine.disease_cause medicine.disease World health Pathology and Forensic Medicine Flow cytometry 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology 0302 clinical medicine Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Immunology medicine 030212 general & internal medicine business Intensive care medicine Point of care |
Zdroj: | Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry. 92:437-444 |
ISSN: | 1552-4949 |
Popis: | CD4 T-cell counting was introduced in clinical laboratories shortly after the discovery of the human immune deficiency virus (HIV) in the early eighties. In western clinical laboratories, improvements in the CD4 T-cell counting methods were mainly driven by progress in the field of flow cytometry and immunology. In contrast, the development of dedicated CD4 T-cell counting technologies were needs driven. When antiretroviral treatment (ART) was made available on a large scale by international Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) relief programs to HIV+ patients living in low income countries in 2003, there was a distinct need for simplified and affordable CD4 T-cell counting technologies. The first decade of 2000, several compact flow cytometers appeared on the market, mainly to the benefit of low income countries with limited resources. More recently, however, portable point-of-care (POC) CD4 T-cell counting devices have been developed especially to improve access to affordable monitoring of HIV+ patients in low income countries. The accuracy of these POC instruments is not yet very well documented as many are still under development and clinical validation but preliminary evidence is encouraging. The new HIV treatment guidelines released by the World Health Organization in 2016 give CD4 T-cell counting a less central role in the management of HIV infection. It is, therefore, to be expected that CD4 T-cell counting will be phased out as a tool to assess eligibility of HIV+ patients for ART in the future. However, CD4 T-cell counting will remain a valuable tool for directing treatment against opportunistic infections. © 2016 International Clinical Cytometry Society. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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