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Aging is a progressive accumulation of changes with time that are associated with loss of physiological integrity and impaired functions, responsible for ever-increasing susceptibility to diseases and vulnerability to death. It is one of the strongest risk factors for diseases due to decline in regenerative capacity. This regenerative failure has been linked to decline in systemic factors and elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines that impede stem cell function and stem cell niche. Recently, heterochronic parabiosis involving surgical attachment of young and old animals sharing common vasculature has revealed that systemic environment has a profound effect on stem cell function and may restore regeneration process and even reverse human tissue aging. Circulatory growth factors from young animals have been shown to reverse age-related cardiac hypertrophy, increase neurogenesis and synapses, rejuvenate and re-modulate skin tissue and rejuvenate stem cell niche revealing a new therapeutic opportunity for aging and age-related diseases in humans. |
