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In order to solve the contradiction between protection and development of Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserves, the community co-management project was the first one introduced in the village of Cuochi in 2007. This paper intends to illustrate the superiority of developing community co-management based on ecological compensation. It explains from two aspects: the necessity of implementing community co-management and the improvement of relevant supporting measures in Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserves. Index Terms - Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserves, Community Co-management, Ecological Compensation Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserves is located in the hinterland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with a total area of 15.23×104km 2 , and is the largest area breeding many major rivers of Eurasia. It is a treasure trove of biodiversity resources, and is also a development area of wetland ecological resources, so is called "the third quarter" of the Earth. As located in the alpine zone which has harsh natural conditions, and primitive and fragile ecological environment, the ecological degradation is severe in recent years. In order to curb the deteriorating ecological environment, the initial ecological compensation measures and policies are established by the State in favor of ecological protection and construction of Sanjiangyuan region, such as returning grazing land to grassland, protection of natural forests, mineral resources taxes and compensation fees, and the implementation of the fiscal transfer payments and tax policy. SanJiangyuan region is included in the scope of national natural reserves, and clearly 7.507 billion yuan will be invested in the region for ecological protection and construction like returning grazing land to grassland, and enhancing the ecological compensation of forest resources and grassland resources. Up to July 2006, about 1.028 billion yuan had been invested to the major projects of ecological protection and construction in Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserves by the State. However, the establishment of nature reserves has reduced the income and assets and the limited opportunities for the development of local farmers and herdsmen, which deprived of their rights to use the natural resources reasonably in a large extent, and the existing ecological compensation fees are far insufficient to cover their loss, thus the contradictions between local farmers and herdsmen and nature reserves are intensifying. To solve this problem, in 2007, Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserves Soga-Quma River protection sub-area Cuochi village agreement protect project was started in Cuochi, Qumalai County, Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. This was the first time to implement community co-management in ecological protection project by Saniiangyuan Nature Reserves Administration, Qinghai Province. 1. The Concept of Community Co-Management Community co-management system dates back to the western countries, the first application was in the management of nature reserves by the government of Canada to coordinate the relationship between aboriginal and national parks (1). The so-called community condominium refers to participating in the decision-making, implementation and evaluation process of management program of the reserves. It usually refers to that local community has certain specific duties for planning and using the natural resources, and also refers to that the community agrees with the sustainably use for resources without conflicting with the overall goal of protecting biodiversity, and its main goal is to combine biodiversity conservation with sustainable community development. (2) |
