| Popis: |
Preserving the integrity of DNA, which is the source of genetic information, is essential for living things to survive. The genome is under constant threat by different DNA lesions such as abasic regions, mismatches, single-stranded and double-stranded breaks, which may occur due to endogenous or exogenous causes. In the face of these dangers, cells have developed a special DNA damage response mechanism to maintain genome integrity. It is very important that cells have the capacity to respond and repair DNA damage appropriately. DNA damage response refers to DNA repair pathways that help maintain genomic integrity by detecting numerous types of DNA damage and initiating the correct DNA repair pathway. The significance of DNA repair is shown by the increased incidence of cancer and the syndromes of DNA repair deficiency and genomic instability, which are characterized by multiple metabolic changes. Mutations in genes involved in DNA repair are responsible for the development of tumors and various inherited diseases characterized by complex metabolic changes. This article provides an overview of the DNA repair system with mutations and focuses on the molecular basis of the repair machinery. |
