Infiltration of Black Carbon Particles from Residential Woodsmoke into Nearby Homes
| Autor: | Christopher J. Malejan, Courtney E. Ward, Tracy L. Thatcher, Thomas W. Kirchstetter |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Open Journal of Air Pollution. :111-120 |
| ISSN: | 2169-2661 2169-2653 |
| DOI: | 10.4236/ojap.2014.34011 |
| Popis: | In many communities, residential wood burning is the source of a significant fraction of wintertime PM2.5 and produces exposures to nearby residents inside their homes. To evaluate the magnitude of this effect, black carbon particles were measured as a proxy for woodsmoke indoors and outdoors in a community where residential woodsmoke is the only significant particle source. Thirteen indoor/outdoor measurement pairs were obtained at 4 different residences and showed an average indoor/outdoor concentration ratio of 0.78 ± 0.21 for residences without indoor generation. In addition, a time dependent mass balance model was used in conjunction with aethalometer measurements taken over 16 nights at a single residence to estimate an average air exchange rate of 0.26 ± 0.08 h-1, an average deposition loss rate of 0.08 ± 0.03 h-1, and an average penetration factor of 0.97 ± 0.02. Using a mechanistic approach which utilizes these average values in a steady state model, the predicted average infiltration factor was 0.74 for the residence studied. The high values for both measured I/O ratio and modeled infiltration factor show that residential environments provide inhabitants with relatively little protection from recently generated wood smoke particles. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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