A New Research Approach for Observing and Characterizing Land–Atmosphere Feedback
| Autor: | Thijs Heus, Timothy J. Wagner, Tammy M. Weckwerth, Temple R. Lee, Joachim Ingwersen, Volker Wulfmeyer, R. M. Hardesty, Shravan Kumar Muppa, Aditya Choukulkar, Christoph J. Senff, M. K. Osman, David D. Turner, Andreas Behrendt, Timothy A. Bonin, Joseph A. Santanello, Bruce Baker, Edward J. Dumas, Tilden P. Meyers, Diego Lange, W. A. Brewer, Florian Späth, Siegfried Raasch, Robert M. Banta, Michael S. Buban, Rob K. Newsom, Simon Metzendorf |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Atmospheric Science
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Meteorology 0208 environmental biotechnology Terrain 02 engineering and technology Sensible heat Entrainment (meteorology) 01 natural sciences 020801 environmental engineering Earth system science Troposphere Atmosphere Latent heat Temporal resolution Environmental science 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 99:1639-1667 |
| ISSN: | 1520-0477 0003-0007 |
| Popis: | Forecast errors with respect to wind, temperature, moisture, clouds, and precipitation largely correspond to the limited capability of current Earth system models to capture and simulate land–atmosphere feedback. To facilitate its realistic simulation in next-generation models, an improved process understanding of the related complex interactions is essential. To this end, accurate 3D observations of key variables in the land–atmosphere (L–A) system with high vertical and temporal resolution from the surface to the free troposphere are indispensable.Recently, we developed a synergy of innovative ground-based, scanning active remote sensing systems for 2D to 3D measurements of wind, temperature, and water vapor from the surface to the lower troposphere that is able to provide comprehensive datasets for characterizing L–A feedback independently of any model input. Several new applications are introduced, such as the mapping of surface momentum, sensible heat, and latent heat fluxes in heterogeneous terrain; the testing of Monin–Obukhov similarity theory and turbulence parameterizations; the direct measurement of entrainment fluxes; and the development of new flux-gradient relationships. An experimental design taking advantage of the sensors’ synergy and advanced capabilities was realized for the first time during the Land Atmosphere Feedback Experiment (LAFE), conducted at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Southern Great Plains site in August 2017. The scientific goals and the strategy of achieving them with the LAFE dataset are introduced. We envision the initiation of innovative L–A feedback studies in different climate regions to improve weather forecast, climate, and Earth system models worldwide. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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