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CLINICAL manifestations of viral infections have been temporally and causally associated with the onset of acute renal transplant rejection. 1-3 It has been postulated that the development of a viral infection in the transplant recipient could upset the immunological balance that has permitted the recipient to tolerate the foreign organ. 1 It is of interest, however, that, to our knowledge, the occurrence of significant bacterial infections immediately prior to the clinical manifestations of acute rejection has not been previously documented. We have recently treated three renal transplant recipients in whom sepsis with Listeria monocytogenes developed several days before the clinical appearance of acute rejection episodes. It is suggested that the bacterial sepsis may have contributed to the development of the transplant rejection. Report of Cases Case 1.— A 31-year-old man with Alport syndrome underwent maintenance hemodialysis for two years. He was admitted to Yale-New Haven Hospital on Aug 31,1974, for |
