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Hematopoiesis is the process by which cells that are undifferentiated and uncommitted proliferate, differentiate, and mature resulting in the production of terminally differentiated blood cells that serve a wide variety of functions, including hemostasis, oxygen delivery to tissues, and defense against a multitude of foreign antigens and microorganisms. Bone marrow is the principal site of hematopoiesis and must maintain homeostatic production of blood cells as well as be rapidly and specifically responsive to changing demands. Cytologic and histologic preparations of bone marrow reveal the complexity of this tissue, exhibiting hematopoietic cells of multiple lineages in varied stages of maturation, stromal cells, and vasculature all encased by bone. In the conduct of nonclinical studies that evaluate the safety of drug candidates, it is imperative to adequately assess potential treatment-related effects on hematopoiesis through assessment of both peripheral blood and bone marrow evaluation. |
