| Popis: |
The use of next-generation sequencing technologies has transformed our understanding of the molecular pathways driving the formation of central nervous system tumors. Tumor classification, once based primarily on observable histopathologic findings, is increasingly based on molecular characteristics, including driver somatic gene mutations, genomic stability, epigenetic changes, and gene expression profiles. These markers define clinically relevant entities that relate to anatomic location, response to therapy, and overall survival. The major categories of both adult and pediatric brain tumors are addressed here with a focus on the identifying genomic findings, their relationship to molecular pathways, and their implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and, ultimately, treatment. |
