| Popis: |
The results of studies comparing dairy cow response to steady-continuous, pulsed-continuous, pulsed-intermittent, and single-exposure current applied to water bowls are presented. Aversion studies were performed in which the magnitude of applied current was set at a level having a fixed relationship to the sensitivity of individual animals. In the first experiment, response to a steady 60 Hz stimulus continuously applied to a water bowl (steady-continuous) was compared with response to a 10-cycle 60 Hz stimulus pulsed once per second (pulsed-continuous). No differences between responses to these two treatments were evident. In the second experiment, responses to pulsed-continuous stimulus, to a 10-cycle 60 Hz stimulus applied to the water bowls once every 10 min (pulsed-intermittent), and to a single event of pulsed current (single- pulse) were compared to a control group receiving no current. Only the pulsed-continuous treatment produced a response significantly different from the control. The pulsed-continuous treatment increased the delay to drink and inhibited water consumption over both 4 and 8 h intervals for current exposures ranging from 6 to 15 mA peak. These effects were not observed for the pulsed-intermittent or single-pulse treatments. |
