Population and biological preconditions for the cattle retroviruses’ expansion

Autor: D. Abdessemed, E.S. Krasnikova, V.A. Agoltsov, A.V. Krasnikov
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Zdroj: Theoretical and Applied Ecology. :116-124
ISSN: 2618-8406
1995-4301
DOI: 10.25750/1995-4301-2018-3-116-124
Popis: This research was aimed at studying of population and biological aspects of cattle retroviruses’ expansion, such as breed and age of animals, form of head ownership, retroviruses biology. Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) are retroviruses which cause chronic incurable diseases of cattle. These agents have a phylogenetic relationship with similar pathogens in humans. There is a possible danger of viral entry to humans through the consumption of infected foodstuffs. 773 blood samples from Black-and-White, Holstein, Simmental, Kazakh White-headed and crossbred cattle of different districts of the Saratov region were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Studies reveal that bovine immunodeficiency and bovine leukemia viruses are spread widely in cattle of the Saratov region: 30.5% and 39.8% on average, respectively. The infection rate varies considerably depending on age-sex group affiliation and cattle ownership. BIV and BLV infection rates increase with the animals age, especially among farm herd. Significant epizootic feature of retroviral infections in cattle in the Saratov region is a high level of retroviral coinfection – 25.2% on average. The clinical complications of BIV infection, confirmed by laboratory studies, were most frequently recorded in cattle aged 5–10 years. For analysis of diagnostic accuracy of serological and molecular genetic methods for enzootic bovine leucosis diagnosis, 271 cattle blood samples were studied by PCR and AGIDT (agar gel immunodiffusion test) in parallel. The comparative analysis shows that diagnostic efficiency of AGIDT in comparison to PCR is 30.8%. Taking into account the retroviruses biological features, the PCR assay can be recommend as a screening method for BLV-infection revealing, especially when the imported cattle are quarantined at the place of keeping. In herds with high BLV-infection level, cattle should be tested for BIV presence to stop the cattle retroviruses’ expansion.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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