| Popis: |
Evolving understanding of the epidemiology of breast and other cancers suggests increased body mass index (BMI) is a major risk factor. Unfortunately, more than two-thirds of US adults are overweight or obese. Despite tremendous investment by individuals, the federal government, and other groups, weight loss interventions are ineffective in achieving sustained weight loss for most individuals. Environmental factors may play a role. In this chapter, we review evidence for whether people’s environments modify the effectiveness of interventions to reduce weight and improve related behavioral determinants, physical activity and diet. We identified a total of 13 studies testing environmental modification of intervention effects: two for weight loss, eight for physical activity, and three for diet interventions. We found little evidence suggesting effectiveness of interventions varied between people living in different environments. However, given the small number of studies and even smaller number of studies testing any particular environmental feature, our understanding of environmental modification of weight loss and related behavioral interventions is incomplete. We discuss limitations of the research conducted to date and next steps for research. |
