| Popis: |
The algal-bacterial interactions in ponds are fundamental both to the design and efficient operation of the pond systems. The aeration of ponds depends more heavily on the algal activity rather than on the surface reaeration. The maintenance of a healthy algal population is fundamental to the efficient oxidation of the organic material by the bacterial population. Facultative ponds have fewer algal genera than maturation ponds and the flagellate genera tend to predominate, whereas in the maturation ponds diversity is greater and the nonflagellates frequently predominate. The microbial degradation of the organic matter in ponds is similar to that in other biological wastewater treatment systems, although the biomass concentrations are lower, and thus account for the longer hydraulic retention times required for effective treatment. In comparison with other secondary wastewater treatment processes, ponds are known to be very effective at removing most types of helminths, protozoa, bacteria and viruses. |
