The avian respiratory system and its noninfectious disorders: A review
| Autor: | Jaime Samour, Peernel Zwart |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0303 health sciences
Air sacs General Veterinary 040301 veterinary sciences business.industry Connective tissue 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Anatomy respiratory system Chronic irritation Epithelium respiratory tract diseases 030308 mycology & parasitology 0403 veterinary science 03 medical and health sciences medicine.anatomical_structure Lymphatic system Main Bronchus medicine Respiratory system business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine. 37:39-50 |
| ISSN: | 1557-5063 |
| Popis: | The avian respiratory system is well adapted to the manifold physiological requirements. The lungs are relatively small, though extremely functional. The main bronchus runs through the lungs to open in the air sacs. The ventrobronchi branches cranially from the main bronchus. More caudally, the dorsobronchi branches from the main bronchus. Then, the dorso-bronchi split to form the para-bronchi. The air sac walls in the pigeon (Columba livia) appear to consist of two perpendicularly arranged thin layers of connective tissue, covered with flat epithelium. Trauma, vitamin A deficiency and, hormonal unbalances are known to cause lesions in the respiratory system. On rare occasions, pathology of the trachea can be found. Aspirated particles of seeds or peanuts may lead to accumulations of fat in the main bronchus. More chronic irritation may lead the production of "Bronchiolar Associated Lymphoid Tissue". A variety of pathologies resulting in respiratory dysfunctions are described. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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