Oceanic Forcing of Ice-Sheet Retreat: West Antarctica and More
| Autor: | Huw J. Horgan, B. R. Parizek, Sridhar Anandakrishnan, Knut Christianson, R. T. Walker, Atsu Muto, Richard B. Alley, David Pollard |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
geography
geography.geographical_feature_category Ice stream Greenland ice sheet Antarctic ice sheet Astronomy and Astrophysics Antarctic sea ice Future sea level Ice shelf Ice-sheet model Oceanography Space and Planetary Science Climatology Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Ice sheet Geology |
| Zdroj: | Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 43:207-231 |
| ISSN: | 1545-4495 0084-6597 |
| Popis: | Ocean-ice interactions have exerted primary control on the Antarctic Ice Sheet and parts of the Greenland Ice Sheet, and will continue to do so in the near future, especially through melting of ice shelves and calving cliffs. Retreat in response to increasing marine melting typically exhibits threshold behavior, with little change for forcing below the threshold but a rapid, possibly delayed shift to a reduced state once the threshold is exceeded. For Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica, the threshold may already have been exceeded, although rapid change may be delayed by centuries, and the reduced state will likely involve loss of most of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, causing >3 m of sea-level rise. Because of shortcomings in physical understanding and available data, uncertainty persists about this threshold and the subsequent rate of change. Although sea-level histories and physical understanding allow the possibility that ice-sheet response could be quite fast, no strong constraints are yet available on the worst-case scenario. Recent work also suggests that the Greenland and East Antarctic Ice Sheets share some of the same vulnerabilities to shrinkage from marine influence. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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