| Popis: |
Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the gravimetric measurement of the PM10 (mass of particulate air pollution) fraction of airborne particulate matter. The term PM10 stands for a fraction of airborne matter that contains particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μm. Technically speaking, the PM10 fraction of an airborne dust consists of particles that pass through a size-selective inlet with a 50% efficiency cutoff at 10 μm aerodynamic diameter. An interest in the fraction called PM2.5 (its definition is analogous to PM10) also needs special consideration as this fine fraction is suspected to be the major contributor to health effects because it can penetrate easily to the innermost regions of the lungs. In industrialized countries, the daily deposition of PM10 particles in the lungs is roughly around 250 μg/day, which represents a small dose, in terms of traditional toxicology studies. Studies of PM10 have considered this total material, but have not asked how much its chemical or physical characteristics contribute to its total toxicity. Airborne PM10 matter may not only be dangerous because of its inorganic chemistry, but also because of the complex organic materials it contains. These include benzene, 1–3 butadiene, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Many of these are known to be highly suspected potential carcinogens. |
