Methodological Issues in Nutritional Epidemiology Research—Sorting Through the Confusion
| Autor: | Miguel Cainzos-Achirica, Manel Pladevall-Vila, Usama Bilal, John W. McEvoy, Karan Kapoor, Roger S. Blumenthal, Michael J. Blaha, Renato Quispe Ayala |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Pharmacology
medicine.medical_specialty business.industry Nutritional epidemiology Confounding 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Homogeneous Environmental health Epidemiology Medicine Pharmacology (medical) Observational study 030212 general & internal medicine medicine.symptom Young adult business Socioeconomic status Confusion |
| Zdroj: | Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports. 12 |
| ISSN: | 1932-9563 1932-9520 |
| Popis: | Our purpose was to discuss the methodological limitations of observational nutritional epidemiology research, using observational studies on coffee intake and health as a case example. A number of recent observational studies on the potential health effects of daily coffee intake have reported protective associations between higher coffee intake and a variety of health outcomes, including death. This is inconsistent with the findings from classic studies showing an increased risk of coronary heart disease events, performed in young adults with a homogeneous education level, and adjusting for tobacco use. Many nutritional epidemiological studies have important limitations, which limit their validity. These include the use of prevalent user designs, risk of reverse causality, measurement error particularly of the exposure of interest, and residual confounding by socioeconomic status. In this review, we discuss these potential issues and provide constructive recommendations intended to help minimize them. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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