Oral exudate as a mediator of behavior in larval eastern and western spruce budworms (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Autor:	John H. Borden, L. M. Poirier
Rok vydání:	1995
Předmět:	Tortricidae Exudate Larva animal structures biology Frass fungi biology.organism_classification Choristoneura fumiferana Lepidoptera genitalia Horticulture Animal ecology Insect Science Botany medicine medicine.symptom Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Spruce budworm
Zdroj:	Journal of Insect Behavior. 8:801-811
ISSN:	1572-8889 0892-7553
DOI:	10.1007/bf02009507
Popis:	The production of oral exudate by larval eastern and western spruce budworms,Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) andChoristoneura occidentalis Free., respectively, was investigated in the laboratory. All larvae except those entering into a molt exhibited aggressive behavior and produced exudate in response to handling or intraspecific encounters. Larvae could be induced to produce exudate up to four times over 2–3 min and produced an average of 1.92±0.04 µl (X ± SE) per induction. Larvae on foliage spent much of their time maintaining their silken feeding tunnel, including spinning and combing silk and removing frass. Exposure to conspecific oral exudate deposited inside the tunnel, or released by agitated larvae inside the tunnel, increased the proportion of larvae that dispersed away from the tunnels and, apparently, increased the larval sensitivity to disturbances. The behavior induced by the oral exudate indicates that it acts as an epideictic (spacing) pheromone.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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