Liquefaction of coal and maceral concentrates in a stirred micro-autoclave and a flowing-solvent reactor
| Autor: | Bin Xu, Gérald Djéga-Mariadassou, Afif Abou-Akar, Rafael Kandiyoti, Dominique Brodzki, Chun-Zhu Li |
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| Rok vydání: | 1994 |
| Předmět: |
Chromatography
business.industry General Chemical Engineering Organic Chemistry technology industry and agriculture Maceral Energy Engineering and Power Technology chemistry.chemical_element Continuous stirred-tank reactor Liquefaction Fraction (chemistry) complex mixtures Autoclave chemistry.chemical_compound Fuel Technology chemistry Chemical engineering Coal Tetralin business Carbon |
| Zdroj: | Fuel. 73:1331-1337 |
| ISSN: | 0016-2361 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/0016-2361(94)90309-3 |
| Popis: | Compositions of lighter liquefaction product fractions from a stirred micro-autoclave and a flowing-solvent reactor were compared by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (g.c.-m.s.). Tetralin was used as vehicle for liquefaction of a set of coals and maceral concentrates; high-pressure hydrogen and a mixture of finely powdered Fe 2 O 3 catalyst precursor and elemental sulfur were used in the micro-autoclave. Similar conversions (sample weight loss) were observed in the two reactors when relatively long hold times (400 s) were used in the flowing-solvent reactor. Compared with products prepared in the micro-autoclave, only a negligible proportion of material released from the coal in the flowing-solvent reactor could be detected within the molecular mass interval between tetralin itself and the upper detection limit of the Chromatographic column: most aromatic constituents observed by g.c.-m.s. in products from the flowing-solvent reactor were identified as resulting from the thermal reactions of tetralin. This result suggests that nearly all components identified in products from the stirred micro-autoclave were formed from larger and/or more polar species released from the coal during secondary reactions of primary coal solubilization products. The concentrations of a limited number of alkylaromatic homologous series identified in the oil fraction of the stirred autoclave products were quantitatively determined by g.c.-m.s.. Analysis of successive product fractions from the flowing-solvent reactor, collected during time-temperature-resolved experiments, indicated that the greater part of the C 20 –C 36 straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons identified in the product mixture was released from the coal between 340 and 390 °C. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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