An FPGA-based Approach to Evaluate Thermal and Resource Management Strategies of Many-core Processors
| Autor: | Marcel Mettler, Martin Rapp, Heba Khdr, Daniel Mueller-Gritschneder, Jörg Henkel, Ulf Schlichtmann |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
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| Zdroj: | ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization. 19:1-24 |
| ISSN: | 1544-3973 1544-3566 |
| DOI: | 10.1145/3516825 |
| Popis: | The continuous technology scaling of integrated circuits results in increasingly higher power densities and operating temperatures. Hence, modern many-core processors require sophisticated thermal and resource management strategies to mitigate these undesirable side effects. A simulation-based evaluation of these strategies is limited by the accuracy of the underlying processor model and the simulation speed. Therefore, we present, for the first time, an field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based evaluation approach to test and compare thermal and resource management strategies using the combination of benchmark generation, FPGA-based application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) emulation, and run-time monitoring. The proposed benchmark generation method enables an evaluation of run-time management strategies for applications with various run-time characteristics. Furthermore, the ASIC emulation platform features a novel distributed temperature emulator design, whose overhead scales linearly with the number of integrated cores, and a novel dynamic voltage frequency scaling emulator design, which precisely models the timing and energy overhead of voltage and frequency transitions. In our evaluations, we demonstrate the proposed approach for a tiled many-core processor with 80 cores on four Virtex-7 FPGAs. Additionally, we present the suitability of the platform to evaluate state-of-the-art run-time management techniques with a case study. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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