| Popis: |
Marine biodiversity is a great reservoir of various types of fascinating structures such as sponges, bryozoans, tunicates, and fungi. In the past few years, natural products from marine life have acquired the limelight in drug discovery as they reduce the burden and dependency on plants. Marine fungi have drawn the attention of the scientific community toward their medically important secondary metabolites. The exclusive evolution pattern and osmoregulatory mechanism have contributed to its significantly enriched chemical biodiversity. Many bioactive compounds, phenolics, and amino-aldehydes with novel carbon skeletons were discovered and the search for new metabolites as pharmaceutical leads is on the rise. Many novel natural products from marine fungi have been reported as promising therapeutic drugs. For example, simplicilliumtides A, E, G, and H were isolated from Simplicillium obclavatum, a deep sea-derived fungal strain. It showed weak cytotoxicity toward selective human leukemia cell lines. Chemical compounds are classified according to their biological activity such as antiviral, anticancer, and antibacterial. Biological activities are mainly focused on the areas of antibiotic and anticancer properties. However, other critical features such as cell cycle inhibition, phosphatase and kinase inhibition, radical scavenging, and antagonistic platelet activation are closely associated with the antiproliferative mechanism. A different kind of metabolite has been discovered from various sources of fungi such as sponges, algae, and mangroves. The vast diversity of fungi habitats has an impact on the biosynthesis of these products. Although there is proven significance of the active metabolites of marine fungi, none of them has been successfully established in the market. The aim of this review is to highlight different sources of potential anticancer natural products obtained from marine fungi. |
