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Nutritional anemia is still a major public health problem in developing countries. Prevalence varies from country to country depending on the state of nutrition, health and hygiene of the population, and is more pronounced during pregnancy. Reports from the World Health Organization (Baker and De Maeyer, 1979) have shown a high prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin levels below 11 g/dL) among third trimester pregnant women from various countries, ranging from 21.8% in Poland to 82% in Burma. In Thailand, the prevalence of anemia is between 31–51% in the central region (Areekul et al., 1976; Ministry of Health, Thailand, 1988), 39% in the northeast, (Valayasevi et al., 1974) and 21.4% in the north (Amatayakul et al., 1975). |
