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1. The best overview of this direct influence remains Maxim Simcovitch's "The Impact of Griffith's Birth of a Nation on the Modem Ku Klux Klan," which was originally published in the first issue of the Journal of Popular Film and Television (1, no. 1 [1972]: 45-54) and reprinted in Celluloid Power: Social Film Criticism from The Birth of a Nation to Judgement at Nuremberg, ed. David Platt (Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1992), 72-82. 2. This is the title in the "standard" surviving prints. The two major reference prints are the Library of Congress print, which is the source for the two most popular DVD releases (from Image Entertainment and Kino), and the Museum of Modern Art print. These two copies are largely similar, and both are based on a 1921 version of the film. Sound-era prints in the Library of Congress reveal significant differences in editing and intertitles, and all seem to be missing the transitional intertitles between the two parts of the film, including the quotes from Woodrow Wilson. For an overview of the difficulties in determining which surviving copy is closest to what would have been seen in 1915, see the introduction to John Cuniberti, "The Birth of a Nation": A Formal Shot-By-Shot Analysis Together With Microfiche (Woodbridge, CT: Research Publications, 1979); and J. B. Kaufman, "Non-Archival Sources," in The Griffith Project, vol. 8 (London: BFI, 2004), 107-12. 3. There are other risks to introducing the film as "Part II of The Birth of a Nation." I once had a student support a statement on a final exam with the phrase, "This can clearly be seen in the film The Birth of a Nation II." 4. Scott Simmons, The Films of D. W Griffith (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), 105. 5. "Contexts (Brotherly Love, Capitalizing Race Hatred, Replies to the New York Globe)," in Robert Lang, ed., The Birth of a Nation: D.W Griffith, Director (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1994), 161-70. |
