| Popis: |
Introduction Musculoskeletal disorders are in the forefront of Occupational medicine practice because they determine frequent and long-term sick leave from work and thus generate significant economic losses. They tend to increase which draws researchers, attention to their study and prevention. Objective The objective of the study was to clarify the presence of musculoskeletal disorders among teachers in Bulgaria for a retrospective period of 12 months in 2012 and to investigate associated with them working conditions. Methods An anonymous survey with the Eurostat questionnaire among 1030 Bulgarian teachers from primary schools and kindergartens was completed. Data were statistically analysed by SPSS 11.1. Results The total number of teachers-respondents to the question 12.1 about the available problems with bones, joints and muscles within 2012 is 447. A positive response has been given by 215 teachers (48.1%) and 232 has answered negatively (51.9%) – p > 0.05. On the other hand the majority of teachers do not carry out activities related to difficult working postures or movements (question No19a question – n = 987, no such activities – 663 respondents, in percent’s – 67.2%; yes, I have such activities – 222 teachers, or 22.5% of all; I cannot point – 102 respondents, or 10.3%) or handling of heavy loads (question No19b – n = 986, no such activities – 861, or 87.3%; yes, I have such activities – 53, or 5.4%). The lack of significant difference between teachers with and without musculoskeletal complaints and relatively small percentage of ergonomics risk working factors, directed to search beyond the ergonomic factors for these complaints. Conclusion The high incidence and morbidity, generated by musculoskeletal disorders turn to in-depth study of the factors for their development among teachers and to the creation of complex preventive programs, leading place in which falls on the Occupational Medicine. |
